两类耗能式桥墩防船撞护舷性能研究

摘要

The installation of energy dissipation anti-collision fender has become an effective method to reduce ship pier collision damage at present.The paper analyzes the working principle of low carbon steel and FRP anti-collision fender from the collision force standard formula and the mechanical properties of materials,builds ships,low carbon steel anti-collision fender and FRP anti-collision fender model through the ANSYS-LS/DYNA software,and analyzes the differences between two kinds of energy dissipation anti-collision fender performance.The results show that the maximum impact force of low carbon steel fender is higher and the energy consumption ratio is higher than that of FRP fender when the same plate thickness is set.Under different plate thickness settings,which is the different fender stiffness settings,the performance of two types of energy dissipation anti-collision fender is affected by the stiffness ratio of the bow and fender.When the stiffness of the bow is constant,the collision force between the ship and the fender increases and the energy consumption of the fender decreases as the stiffness ratio between the bow and the fender decreases.%设置耗能式防撞护舷已成为目前减少桥墩受船撞损失的有效方法.文章从碰撞力规范公式以及材料力学特性分析了低碳钢防撞护舷和FRP防撞护舷的工作原理,通过ANSYS-LS/DYNA软件建立船舶、低碳钢防撞护舷以及FRP防撞护舷模型,分析了低碳钢防撞护舷与FRP防撞护舷防撞性能的异同.结果表明,在相同板厚设置下,低碳钢防撞护舷同FRP防撞护舷相比,低碳钢防撞护舷最大碰撞力更高、耗能比例更高.在不同板厚设置下,即不同护舷刚度设置下,两类耗能式防撞护舷性能都受船艏与防撞护舷的刚度比影响.在船艏刚度不变时,随着船艏与防撞护舷的刚度比减小,船与防撞护舷碰撞力增大,防撞护舷的耗能比例减小.