新生儿窒息的产科因素分析

摘要

目的：探讨新生儿窒息的产科危险因素，分析如何有效降低新生儿窒息发生率和病死率，提高人口素质。方法对2011～2012年间在我院住院分娩的病历、统计资料进行回顾性分析，对新生儿不同性别、产式、孕周、产妇产龄等新生儿窒息影响因素进行比较，找出新生儿窒息的主要原因。结果新生儿窒息率为5.09％；男、女新生儿窒息发生率和病死率无显著性差异；新生儿窒息的前三位原因是：早产、脐带绕颈、妊娠高血压疾病，分别占56.23％、19.15％和12.46％；早产是新生儿窒息和死亡的首位原因；阴道助产、高龄分娩都会增加新生儿窒息的风险。结论加强围产保健，积极预防早产，是降低新生儿窒息的关键。为了母婴健康，应鼓励适龄婚育，才是提高人口素质的有效措施。%Objective To explore the factors of neonatal asphyxia obstetric risk, to reduce the incidence and mortality rate of neonatal asphyxia, and to improve the quality of the population.Methods Medical records and statistical data of hospitalization and delivery from 2011 to 2012 in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The newborns′different genders, birth type, gestational age, maternal age and asphyxia were compared, to find out the main causes of neonatal asphyxia.Results The rate of neonatal asphyxia was 5.09%;male and female, the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and mortality had no significant difference;the first three causes of neonatal asphyxia were pre-mature birth, umbilical cord around the neck, pregnancy induced hypertension, accounting for 56.23%, 19.15%and 12.46%;premature was the first cause of neonatal asphyxia and death;vaginal instrumental delivery and advanced age delivery can increase neonatal asphyxia.Conclusion Strengthening perinatal health care and preventing premature delivery is the key to reduce neonatal asphyxia.For maternal and child health, marriage and fertility at proper age should be encouraged.This is the effective measure to improve the quality of the popu-lation.