自体骨与同种异体骨治疗兔桡骨骨缺损的试验对比研究

摘要

目的探讨采用同种异体骨治疗兔桡骨骨缺损疗效的试验研究.方法 将12只健康成年新西兰大白兔作为同种异体骨供体,28只作为试验受体.按美国组织库标准制备同种异体骨.将受体试验动物双侧桡骨中段切除10 mm,制成骨缺损模型.受体试验动物右侧桡骨骨缺损内植入自体髂骨骨粒(对照组);左侧取等量同种异体骨粒同法植入(试验组).于术后2、4、8、12 周,对骨缺损修复组织内OPG蛋白的表达检测采用免疫组织化学方法.术后12 周,检测2组骨小梁相对体积、骨小梁数量和骨密度.结果 术后2组未见感染现象发生.术后2、4周试验组OPG蛋白表达低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05).术后8、12周2组OPG蛋白表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后12周2组骨小梁相对体积、骨小梁数量和骨密度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 同种异体骨具有较好的组织相容性,其骨性愈合过程与自体骨移植相似,并且来源广泛,能够避免因自体骨移植带来的诸多并发症,可以成为治疗骨缺损的重要材料.%Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of allogeneic bone on radius defects in rabbits.Methods 12 New Zealand rabbits were served as the donor of allogeneic bone according to the standard of American Association of Tissue Bank and the other 28 rabbits were served as trial acceptor. The models of bone defect were established by cutting 10mm in the middle piece of bilateral radii of the rabbits. The autogenous ilium skeletal grain was implanted into the bone defect in radius on the fight side (control group), however, The allogeneic skeletal grain was implanted into the bone defect in radius on the left side ( experimental group). The expression of OPG in repairing tissue of bone defect was detected by immunohistochemical method at 2,4,8,12 weeks after the operation, and the relative volume of bone trabeculae (BV/TV), bone trabeculae number (Tb. N)and bone density were detected 12 weeks after the operation for both groups. Results The infections after the operation were not found in both groups. At 2 and 4 weeks after operation the expression of OPG in control group was significantly higher than that in experimental group ( P ＜0.05 ) ;at 8 and 12 weeks after operation,there was no significant difference in OPG protein expression between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in BV/TV, Tb. N, and bone density between two groups at 12 weeks after operation( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The allograft bone has good histocompatibility,and the bone healing process is similar to autologous bone transplantation, with widespread sources,which can avoid the complications because of autogenous bone graft,as a result, the allogeneic bone can be used as important material in the treatment of bone defect.