老年人与中青年人肺结核患者实验室检查的对比研究

摘要

目的 收集老年组(≥60岁)及中青年人(18 ～59岁)肺结核患者的实验室检查结果,分析其是否存在差异.方法 分成老年组肺结核患者159例和青中年肺结核患者255例,设计调查表,主要内容为抗酸染色结核分枝杆菌、结核菌素试验(PPD)、清结核抗体、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血清蛋白电泳(SPE)等.结果 老年组中痰涂片结核杆菌阳性23例(14.47％),明显多于中青年组11例(4.31％),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但2组血清结核抗体、ESR及SPE比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 实验室检查针对肺结核多无特异性,无法早期准确诊断.老年肺结核痰涂片阳性率较中青年组高,但总体较低.ESR、血清结核抗体检查、SPE,对临床诊治有辅助作用,但缺乏特异性.结核菌素试验假阳性率高.%Objective Through collecting laboratory test results of elderly (≥ 60 years) and young (18 ～59) patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,to analyze if there were differences.Methods 159 elderly and 255 young patients were divided into two groups,elderly group and the young group.Questionnaire including Mycobacterium tuberculosis acid-fast staining,PPD test,serum tuberculosis antibody,ESR and SPE were designed.Results Sputum culture positive rate for M.tuberculosis in elderly group(14.47％) was higher than that in young group(4.31％,P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between two groups on serum tuberculosis antibody,ESR and SPE (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Erythrocyte sedimentation rate,serum tuberculosis antibody test,serum protein electrophoresis,has a supporting role on the clinical diagnosis and treatment,even if the laboratory tests for tuberculosis has often non-specific.