Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common and important clinical pathological process in many different organ systems, including heart, liver, brain, lung, kidney, and intestine. It is a highly complex cascade of events that includes interactions between interstitial compartments, circulating cells, vascular, endothelium, and numerous biochemical entities. It is well established that the innate immune system, such as complement, cytokines, chemo-kines, neutrophils, and macrophages participate in IRI. But recent data demonstrated an important role for lymphocytes, particularly T cells in IRI. Lymphocytes not only participate in augmenting injury responses after IRI, but could also be playing a protective role depending on the cell type and stage of injury. Furthermore, lymphocytes can take part in the healing response from IRI. These new data open the possibility for lymphocyte targeted therapeutics to improve the short and long term outcomes from IRI.%缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)在许多不同的器官系统,包括心、肝、脑、肺、肾和肠中均可发生,是一种常见的和重要的临床病理过程.IRI是一个非常复杂的级联事件,包括细胞间质、循环细胞、血管内皮细胞和许多生化物质之间的相互作用.众所周知,先天免疫系统,如补体、细胞因子、趋化因子、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞均参与了IRI.而最近的数据表明淋巴细胞,特别是T细胞在IRI中也发挥了重要作用,T淋巴细胞不仅参与了IRI后的损伤反应,还可以取决于细胞类型和损伤的阶段发挥保护作用,此外,淋巴细胞还参与了IRI的愈合过程.这些新的研究结果使淋巴细胞定向治疗IRI,以改善其短期和长期疗效成为可能.
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