目的：探讨系统保健对胎龄小于32周早产儿及极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)校正胎龄12个月时体格发育的影响。方法将2011-2012年度在深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院出生的胎龄<32周早产儿和VLBWI共60例，分为接受系统保健（A组）和未接受系统保健（B组）各30例，并随机选择在该院同期出生的足月儿30例为对照组(C组)。A组婴儿在新生儿科出院后至纠正胎龄6个月每月体检1次，纠正胎龄7个月至12个月每2个月体检1次；B组婴儿未接受系统保健；C组婴儿出生后每3个月保健1次；在纠正胎龄12个月时对三组婴儿做体格发育检查，比较其体格发育指标及营养不良的发生率。结果校正胎龄12个月时：A组与C组婴儿体重、身长及头围均高于B组婴儿(P<0.05)，A组婴儿消瘦的发生率低于B组婴儿(P<0.05)；A组婴儿体重、身长及头围与C组婴儿比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论1岁以内对胎龄32周以下早产儿及VLBWI实施系统保健可促进其1岁时体格发育，降低营养不良的发生率。%Objective To discuss the effect of systematic health care on physical development of pre-term infants under 32 weeks' gestational age and very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) at the age of 12 months. Methods Sixty preterm infants under 32 weeks' gestational age and VLBWI who were born in Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between 2011 and 2012 were divided into systematic health care group (n=30, group A) and non systematic health care group (n=30, group B). At the same time, 30 normal term in-fants who were born in the same hospital between 2011 and 2012 were randomly selected as control group (group C). Infants of group A accepted a general examination once a month before 6 months corrected gestational age, once two months after 6 months corrected gestational age. Infants of group B did not accept the general examination. Infants of group C accepted a general examination once three months. Examined their physical development at the age of 12 months, compared the index of physical development and incidence of malnutrition. Results At the age of 12 months the weight, height and head circumference of infants in group A and group C were higher than those of group B, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The rate of malnutrition in group A was low-er than that in group B (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference of weight、height and head circumference between group A and C (P>0.05). Conclusion Systematic health care can improve physical development and reduce malnutrition rate for preterm infants at the age of 12 months.
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