Objective To investigate the role of regulatory T cells (Treg)/helper T cell 17 (Thl7) and its corre-lation with the intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in different traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) syn-dromes. Methods A total of 100 single fetus full-term pregnant women and their newborns coming from Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering from October 2010 to December 2015 were divided into the control group (n=50) and observation group (n=50) according to whether the occurrence of HBV intrauterine infection. The observa-tion group was divided into liver and spleen deficiency type, damp heat resistance type, blood stasis type, liver and kid-ney deficiency type, spleen and kidney yang deficiency type 5 groups according to different TCM syndrome. The expres-sion of Treg cells and TH17 cells in peripheral blood of pregnant women and umbilical cord blood of were detected by flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of cytokines IL-10 and IL-17 that related to TH17 and Treg in the two groups. Results The expression of Treg and TH17 cells and the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 of pregnant women and newborn in the observation group were (7.92 ± 1.41)%, (5.64 ± 1.61)%, (316.4 ± 32.3) g/mL, (321.6 ± 30.7) g/mL, (6.53 ± 1.14)%, (5.11 ± 1.35)%, (298.3 ± 35.4) g/mL, (316.7 ± 28.9) g/mL, respec-tively, which were significantly higher than these of pregnant women and newborn in the control group of (5.87±1.55)%,(3.19±0.47)%, (153.2±31.5) g/mL, (193.4±21.5) g/mL, (4.02±1.52)%, (2.98±0.38)%, (141.5±26.1) g/mL, (181.6±23.3) g/mL respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The IL-17/IL-10 of pregnant women and newborn in the observation group were significantly lower than control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The IL-17/IL-10 of pregnant women and newborn in the observation group were (1.01±0.13), (1.05±0.12) respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the observation group of (1.31 ± 0.12), (1.30 ± 0.11), P<0.05. The IL-17/IL-10 of five different TCM syndrome group in the observation group were significantly different (P<0.05), from high to low, followed by liver and spleen deficiency type, damp heat resistance type, blood stasis type, liver and kidney defi-ciency type, spleen and kidney yang deficiency type. The IL-17/IL-10 of five different TCM syndrome group in preg-nant women were (1.25±0.16), (1.11±0.15), (0.97±0.14), (0.83±0.14), (0.69±0.1), respectively, which were respectively (1.22 ± 0.15), (1.03 ± 0.16), (0.93 ± 0.15), (0.81 ± 0.13) and (0.64 ± 0.15) in newborn. Conclusion The expression of Treg and TH17 cells and the levels of associated cytokines in pregnant women and newborns with HBV intrauterine infection are increasing, and Treg cells is higher than TH17 cells, the immune imbalance of IL-17/IL-10 probably one of the fac-tors of HBV intrauterine infection.%目的：探讨调节性T细胞(Treg)/辅助性T细胞17(Thl7)的平衡作用及其与不同中医症候乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)宫内感染的相关性。方法选择2014年10月至2015年12月期间在河北工程大学附属医院分娩的单胎足月孕妇及其新生儿各100例，根据是否发生HBV宫内感染分为对照组(未发生HBV，n=50)和观察组(发生HBV，n=50)。观察组孕妇根据不同中医症候分为肝郁脾虚型、湿热中阻型、瘀血阻络型、肝肾阴虚型、脾肾阳虚型5组，应用流式细胞仪检测两组孕妇外周血和新生儿脐血Treg细胞和TH17细胞的表达，应用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法检测两组Treg和TH17相关细胞因子IL-10和IL-17的水平。结果观察组孕妇和新生儿Treg和TH17细胞的表达及IL-10和IL-17水平[孕妇分别为(7.92±1.41)%、(5.64±1.61)%、(316.4±32.3) g/mL、(321.6±30.7) g/mL；新生儿分别为(6.53±1.14)%、(5.11±1.35)%、(298.3±35.4) g/mL、(316.7±28.9) g/mL]均明显高于对照组[孕妇分别为(5.87±1.55)%、(3.19±0.47)%、(153.2±31.5) g/mL、(193.4±21.5) g/mL；新生儿分别为(4.02±1.52)%、(2.98±0.38)%、(141.5±26.1) g/mL、(181.6±23.3) g/mL]，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组孕妇和新生儿的IL-17/IL-10[(1.01±0.13)、(1.05±0.12)]均小于对照组[(1.31±0.12、1.30±0.11)]，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组5种不同中医症候组间IL-17/IL-10比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，从高到低依次为肝郁脾虚型、湿热中阻型、瘀血阻络型、肝肾阴虚型、脾肾阳虚型[孕妇分别为(1.25±0.16)、(1.11±0.15)、(0.97±0.14)、(0.83±0.14)、(0.69±0.1)；新生儿分别为(1.22±0.15)、(1.03±0.16)、(0.93±0.15)、(0.81±0.13)、(0.64±0.15)]。结论发生HBV宫内感染的孕妇和新生儿Treg细胞和TH17细胞及其相关细胞因子的表达均增强， Treg细胞的增幅高于TH17细胞，IL-17/IL-10细胞因子的免疫失衡可能是引起HBV宫内感染的因素之一。
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