固体碱催化油脂甘油酯化降酸值的研究

摘要

高酸值油脂的甘油酯化降酸值是降低油脂中脂肪酸含量的一种有效方法,本文比较了固体超强碱Na/NaOH/γ-Al2O3、固体碱NaOH/γ-Al2O3 以及氢氧化钠在甘油与脂肪酸酯化反应中的催化作用.结果表明固体碱NaOH/γ-Al2O3 是一种高效的甘油酯化催化剂,通过优化反应条件,酯化率可以达到99.3％以上,得到油脂的酸值可降至0.3 mg KOH/g以内,该工艺可用于食用油脂的降酸值,也可用于生物柴油的预酯化,具有一定的工业应用前景.%Esterification of fatty acid and glycerol is an effective method to lower fatty acid content in oil with high acid value. The effect of three catalysts, Na/NaOH/γ-Al2 O3 , NaOH/γ-Al2 O3 and NaOH, were compared. The results showed that the solid base NaOH/γ-Al2 O3 was a highly efficient catalyst. By optimizing reaction conditions, esterification rate can reach more than 99.3％, and oil acid value can be dropped to 0.3 mgKOH/g. The technology can be used for edible to lower the acid value, also can be used in biodiesel.