Objective To explore the risk factors for deep venous thrombosis ( DVT) in the lower extremity following gynecological operation .Methods Eighty-three patients with DVT in the lower extremity following gynecological operation were selected as case group and 83 patients without DVT in the lower extremity undergoing gynecological operation were selected as control group .The related factors including age , occupation , body weight , complications , operative method,operative time,menstrual cycle and cancer were analyzed by univariate unconditional logistic regression analysis and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis .Results The univariate unconditional logistic regression analysis suggested that DVT correlated with age ,body weight ,complications ( including hypertension ,diabetes mellitus and hyper-lipemia),cancer,operative method and occupation (P<0.05).The multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis suggested that complications (including hypertension ,diabetes mellitus and hyperlipemia ),cancer and occupation were independent factors for DVT(P<0.05),the former two were risk factors ,occupation which was physical labor was the protective factor .Conclusion The complications ( including hypertension , diabetes mellitus and hyperlipemia ) and gynecological cancer are the related risk factors for deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity following gynecological operation.Physical labor is the protective factor for deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity following gynecological operation.%目的：探讨妇科手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成（ DVT ）的危险因素。方法选择妇科手术后发生下肢DVT的83例患者为病例组，同期行妇科手术但未发生下肢DVT的83例患者为对照组。对两组年龄、职业性质、体重、合并症、手术方式、手术时间、月经时期、恶性肿瘤等进行单因素及多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析结果显示，DVT发病与年龄、体重、合并症（高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症）、恶性肿瘤、手术方式、职业性质有关；多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示，有合并症（高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症）、恶性肿瘤、职业性质是影响DVT发病的独立因素（ P ＜0．05），其中前两者为危险因素，职业性质为体力劳动是保护性因素。结论有合并症（包括高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症）及妇科恶性肿瘤为妇科手术后下肢深静脉血栓相关危险因素；体力劳动是妇科手术后下肢深静脉血栓发生的保护因素。
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