基于多代理的虚拟电厂协调优化调度策略研究

摘要

Development of smart grid provides technical support for mass grid-connection of distributed energy resources (DER)as well as coordinated and optimized dispatching on DER. This paper designs coordinated and optimized dispatching strategy for virtual power plant (VPP)based on multi-agent system (MAS)by combining characteristics of various types of DER. In allusion to wind power generators,traditional units and special load of electric vehicle which can be both taken as power supply and load,corresponding mathematical model for output or load is established for hierarchical classification control. In MATLAB software,YALMIP toolbox is used for modeling and weighted method is adopted for multi-objective solution. Example analysis verifies reasonability and effectiveness of this dispatching strategy. It proves that this strategy is able to make use of characteristics of various DER to realize coordination and cooperation,which can finally achieve grid-connection of each DER extremely at the same time of restraining load fluctuation.%智能电网的发展为分布式能源(distributed energy resources,DER)的大量并网及对其进行协调优化调度提供了技术支持。结合各类 DER 的特点设计了基于多代理系统(multi-agent system,MAS)的虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)协调优化调度策略。针对风电机组、传统机组和既可作为电源又可作为负载的电动汽车特殊负荷,通过建立相应的出力或负荷数学模型,对其进行分类分层控制,在 MATLAB 中使用 YALMIP 工具箱建模,通过加权方法进行多目标优化求解。最后通过算例分析验证此调度策略的合理性与有效性,它可以利用各类DER特性,使其相互协调配合,在平抑负荷波动的同时,可以实现各类DER最大程度并网。