西南岩溶地区是我国生态文明建设和脆弱生态保护的重要区域,石漠化则是该区域最为重要的生态环境问题.基于2001—2016年MOD13Q1 NDVI数据集和喀斯特空间分布数据,进行季节合成植被指数(SINDVI)的趋势模拟、时空统计,探讨西南岩溶区植被时空变化趋势、不同石漠化治理模式下生态环境效益.研究结果表明:西南岩溶区近16年植被覆盖恢复良好,植被覆盖度从高到低依次为广西、云南省和贵州省,2009—2016年较2001—2008年植被覆盖度普遍增大,增幅最大的是贵州省,其次是广西,最后是云南省.近16年西南岩溶区植被变化主要以改善为主,2009—2016年较2001—2008年植被改善趋势和改善面积都在增大,改善面积增加了12.39%,其中广西改善趋势和改善面积都最大.通过比较各种石漠化治理模式下植被变化情况,发现小流域治理模式和人工造林模式优于其他模式,经济林木模式下植被改善效果最小.%Karst areas in Southwest China are important research areas of ecological civilization construction and fragile ecological protection,and rocky desertification is the most important ecological environment problem in these areas. Based on the dataset of MOD13Q1 NDVI during 2001-2016 and Karst spatial distribution data, the trends of vegetation changes were calculated and the vegetation changes in different rock desertification control modes were analyzed. The study areas included Guangxi,Guizhou and Yunnan provinces. The results indicated that the karst areas of Southwest China had good vegetation coverage conditions. The vegetation coverage values from high to low were Guangxi,Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. In 2009-2016,the vegetation coverage increased generally compared with that in 2001-2008. There were biggest changes in Guizhou province,followed by Guangxi province, and finally Yunnan province. In the past 16 years,the vegetation changes in southwest karst areas were mainly increasing and the improving areas in 2009-2016 increase by 12.39% than those in 2001-2008. And Guangxi province had the biggest increasing range. By comparing the vegetation changes under various rocky desertification control modes,the Small Watershed-Governance Model and Artificial Afforestation Model were better than other modes. The economic forest mode had the least effect on vegetation improvement. This study can provide basic information and reference for rocky desertification control in Southwest China.
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