受天线高影响的 GPS 测量精度分析

摘要

通过指出测量天线高的两种不规范操作，剖析了GPS天线高的测量方法及误差特性。而后首先从原理上分析了受天线高影响下的GPS基线和独立环闭合差的精度，然后通过某案例对数据进行处理，将两种受天线高影响下的上述测量成果与正常情况下的成果作比较，对理论分析进行证实。结果表明由天线高产生的粗差对短基线的测量成果影响较大，对长基线也有一定的影响。进而得出结论，即对于基线较短的校园GPS控制网，必须要重视对天线高的正确测量方法。而对工程单位布设的基线较长的GPS控制网，要获取高精度的定位成果，也不能忽视天线高的测量工作。%The paper analyzes GPS antenna height measurement methods and the error features .The paper analyzes GPS baseline and independent synchronization loop accuracy influenced by antenna height , and compares the result affected by the above factors and the normal results .The result shows that rough error generated by antenna height has greater influence on short baseline measurement than long baseline.Therefore, it is necessary to put great emphasis on the correct measurement of antenna height for campus GPS control network with short baseline .To obtain higher accuracy of location for GPS network with long baseline , attention should also be paid to the measurement of antenna height .