武夷山自然保护区中华蜜蜂微卫星DNA遗传分析

摘要

The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of honeybees (Apis cerana cerana) from 6 samplings in Wuyi Mountain nature reserve were studied with five microsatellite markers. The results were as follows: total 23 alleles were detected, mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was from 0.402 9 to 0.497 8 and mean heterozygosity (He) was from 0. 452 5 to 0. 561 3. Through Fisher's exact text, there were significantly difference genetic structures among honeybees from the six sampling points (P<0. 01) and the genetic differentiation was occurred. Genetic differentiation coefficients (Fst) were from 0. 020 0 to 0. 143 5. Especially there was significant honeybee population genetic differentiation between honeybees from Masu and others, and between the peak and the west foot of mountain, forming independence populations. The gene flow interrupted by surrounding high mountains.%采用5个微卫星DNA分子标记,测定武夷山自然保护区6个样点的中华蜜蜂的遗传多样性及遗传分化.结果共检测到23个等位基因,平均多态信息含量(PIC)在0.402 9～0.497 8,处于中等多态水平；平均杂合度(He)在0.452 5～0.561 3,处于中等水平.经Fisher精确检验,武夷山自然保护区6个样点,5个微卫星位点的遗传结构存在显著差异(P＜0.01).各样点中华蜜蜂均存在一定遗传分化,FST在0.020 0～0.143 5,特别是麻粟中华蜜蜂与其他所有样点、最高峰黄岗山与西坡山脚西坑的中华蜜蜂存在明显的遗传分化,各自形成独立种群,说明较高海拔山峰能够阻碍中华蜜蜂基因流.