21份紫肉甘薯种质资源的营养品质及其产量评价

摘要

The content of twenty one fresh purple sweet potato in dry matter, starch, soluble sugar, crude protein and anthocyanin were 25.9％-36.8％, 17. 5％-31.1％, 2. 98％-5.14％, 1.27％——5.26％ and 18.1-93.1 mg · hg-1 , respectively. Yields of the sweet potato in fresh and dry root tubers were 1.6-19.5 t · hm-2 and 0. 5-6. 6 t · hm-2 , respectively； the yield in nutritive components were 0. 4-4. 3 t · hm-2 and 0.6-14. 0 kg · hm-2 for starch and anthocyanin, respectively. Comparing with Guangzishu no. 1 as control, results indicated that Zhanshu 03-40 increased significantly in the yield of dry roots and starch, Xu13-4 was remarkable in the yield of starch and anthocyanin, and Guangzishu no. 2 also showed significance in the yield of anthocyanin. The germplasm with remarkable nutrition and yield was found more in breeding varieties than in landrace; however, the germplasm better in taste was found mostly from landraces. It suggests that Xu 13-4, Guangzishu no. 2, Jingshu no. 6, Zhanshu 03 -40, Zhanyin 42 and Lingao 17 are good in nutrition and yield for hybridization between breeding varieties and landraces.%对21份紫肉甘薯种质的营养品质和产量进行鉴定,结果表明:鲜薯的烘干率25.9%～36.8%、粗淀粉含量17.5%～31.1%、可溶性糖含量2.98%～5.14%、粗蛋白含量1.27%～5.26%、花青苷含量18.1～93.1mg·hg-1;产量变幅范围分别为鲜薯产量1.6～19.5 t·hm-2、薯干产量0.5～6.6 t·hm-2、粗淀粉产量0.4～4.3 t·hm-2、花青苷产量0.6～14.0kg·hm-2,其中,湛薯03-40的薯干产量比广紫薯1号(CK)增产达极显著差异;徐13-4和湛薯03-40的淀粉产量比对照增产达极显著差异;徐13-4和广紫薯2号的花青苷产量比对照增产达极显著差异.营养品质和产量综合评价表明大多数的育成品种和少数地方种质表现良好,在食味评价中,优良等级的地方种质占多数.推荐徐13-4、广紫薯2号、京薯6号、湛薯03-40、湛引42和临高17为优异亲本材料,建议选配高产优质的育成品种与优良食味的地方种质进行杂交.