乌龙茶品种金牡丹杂交后代早期单株鉴定及SSR分子标记筛选

摘要

The new oolong tea cultivar,Jinmudan,has an elegant aroma and high-quality desirable for the making of oolong, black or green teas.The teas made from Jinmudan were exceedingly popular among the producers and consumers.However, the cultivar inherited the shortcomings of intolerance to barren soil, early senescence, low resistance to stresses, etc.Thus, this study aimed to improve those aspects by crossing Jinmudan with other outstanding male cultivars to breed natural hybrid progenies.To screen a large number of cultivars with reliable results had become a mammoth task.Eventually, by early identification, screening plant quality and agronomic traits, and application of SSR markers for genetic diversity determination, 5 potential new lines were selected for a regional cultivation trial.Hence, the selection procedures employed for this study helped, and could be used to, shorten the breeding process, reduce workload, and improve efficiency when a large number of new cultivars was present for screening.%金牡丹是一个高香优质的乌龙茶新品种,适合制作乌龙茶、红茶和绿茶.因其制茶品质优异而深受广大生产者和消费者欢迎.但该品种也存在不耐贫瘠、易早衰、抗逆性差等缺点.本研究以金牡丹为母本与多个优异父本自然杂交,其后代产生各种香型及农艺性状变异单株.通过早期单株品质与农艺性状快速鉴定与筛选,以及应用SSR分子标记进行遗传多样性筛选,最终从杂交后代中筛选获得5个优异新株系并用于区域试验.本研究应用早期单株鉴定,能有效缩短育种周期,减少工作量,提高工作效率,还实现了在更大群体中筛选优异单株的目的,充分发挥茶树自然杂交育种优势.利用SSR分子标记辅助筛选还有效避免了新选育茶树品种遗传背景狭窄的问题.