氯氰菊酯暴露对草鱼4种器官组织结构的影响

摘要

Acute toxic effect of cypermethrin on Ctenopharyngodon idellus and the alteration in histopathology of gill, liver, kidney and spleen were studied. The 48 h-LC5o and 96 h-LC50 of cypermethrin on C. idellus were 55.21 μg/L and 25.00 μ.g/L. Epithelial hyperplasia, epithelial lifting, degeneration of the epithelial cells at the base of the secondary lamellae, necrosis, desquamation, fusion, shortening and curling of secondary lamellae were observed in gill tissues exposed to cypermethrin. Hepatic lesions in fish exposed to cypermethrin were characterized by hypertrophy of hepatocytes,vacuolar degeneration, nuclear pycnosis, focal necrosis, congestion and cloudy degeneration of hepatocyte. Tubular degenerations, congestion, cloudy degeneration, hypertrophy of nucleus in the tubular epithelial cells, glomerular atrophy were observed in the kidney tissues of fish after exposure. The spleen lesions included erythrophagia in mononuclear cells,an increased abundance of melano-macrophage aggregates, and swollen erythrocyte. The tolerance of gill, kidney, liver and spleen to the cypermethrin increased in order. The pathological damage was dose and time dependent, and reinforced progressively with the increased amour or the length of dealing time.%通过氯氰菊酯对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)幼鱼(9.30±0.48)g的急性毒性实验及对鳃、肝、肾、脾的组织学研究,探讨了随着氯氰菊酯浓度的增加以及暴露时间的延长草鱼组织结构损伤的变化趋势.结果显示:氯氰菊酯对草鱼种的48 h-LC50和96 h-LC50分别为55.21μg/L和25.00μg/L.其组织病理学损伤表现为鳃小片萎缩、卷曲、坏死、脱落和融合,上皮细胞增生、空泡化,上皮组织变厚;肝细胞肥大,空泡化,结构不清晰,细胞核固缩,肝组织局部坏死;肾小管退化变性,上皮细胞核肥大,肾小球萎缩,肾间组织充血;脾脏中红细胞肥大,黑色素巨噬细胞集聚,有吞噬红细胞现象.四种组织对氯氰菊酯的耐受程度为鳃<肾脏<肝脏<脾脏,病理损伤程度随处理剂量的递增和时间的延长而加强.