道路网络的森林景观效应及其对地形地貌的梯度变化规律--以福建省将乐县为例

摘要

Taking Jiangle County,Fujian Province as an example,forest landscapes were classified into 9 categories according to the dominant tree species.The forest landscape patterns and the changes of the for-est landscape in different terrain factors were quantitatively compared in the road effect zone of 1 000m a-mong the different grades of roads,such as provincial road,county road and village road in the same length.Results showed that the diversity level of the forest landscape in the provincial road was high at low altitude or shady slope,while the diversity level was high in village road in areas with high altitude or sunny slope.Fragmentation of forest landscape was serious in the low altitude or slope of village roads,the heavy fragmentation occurs at high altitude of county road.But fragmentation of forest landscape was the most serious in risk slope of provincial road.%以福建省将乐县为例，以优势树种不同为原则进行景观分类，选取等长的省道、县道、乡道等3种不同等级道路，并对1000m影响域内不同地形因子作用下的森林景观格局变化规律进行定量研究。结果表明：1）在低海拔或阴坡区，省道两侧的森林景观多样性较大；而在高海拔或阳坡区，乡道两侧的森林景观多样性较大。2）在低海拔或坡度较缓区，乡道两侧的森林景观破碎度较大；在高海拔区，县道两侧的森林景观破碎度较大；而在险坡区，省道两侧的森林景观破碎度显著高于其他两种道路。