Appropriate treatment of the relationship between natural population a nd plantation is an important part of sustainable management of forest tree gene tic resource. In this paper genetic variation of fourteen autochthonous tree spe cies in China was comprehensively analyzed, including Pinus tabulae formis, Cunni nghamia lanceolata , Pinus massoniana , Ulmus pumila, Pinus armandi, Larix princi pis-rupprechtii, Picea koraiensis, Larix gmelinii, Pinus sylvestris va r. mongol ica, Larix olgensis, Pinus koraiensis, Juglans manclshumca, Platycladus oriental is and Pinus taiwanensis . Prove nance trials of these species had b een conducted and showed that there were many common characteristics of genetic variations in terms of growth traits: the occurrence of significant effects of p r ovenance, site, and interaction between provenance and site, and the existence o f obvious geographic variation in terms of growth traits. Population genetic str uctures of some species assessed using RAPD, allozyme markers, monoterpenes, etc ., were also remarked. By integrating these results, authors discussed some stra t egies for sustainable management of genetic resources in both natural stands and man-made plantations. For natural populations, it is suggested to strengthen e n vironmental protection, ex situ and in situ conservation, and to reduce human be ing disturbance. For plantations, different genetic materials are required so as to reduce the contamination to natural populations caused by gene flow.%分析了我国14个已进行过种源试验 的乡土树种的生长性状变异规律，归纳出一些共同变异特点，这些树种在种源间、地点间 、种源与地点互作效应都达显著或极显著差异，且表 现出明显的地理变异规律。根据这些变异特点及某些树种的分子标记研究结果，对有关天然 林与人工林遗传可持续资源经营进行了分析，认为天然林的可持续经营需要强化生境保护， 采用原境和异境种植保护，减少人为干扰，建议采用适当遗传材料营造不同类型的人工林， 以减少由于基因流动引起的对天然林遗传资源的污染。
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