Lichens are a world-wide spread consortium of fungal and photosynthetic partners. Lichens produce a wide array of both primary and secondary metabolites (lichen substances). The lichen substances may be classified into the following groups: aliphatic lichen substances,aromatic lichen substances and carbohydrates (polysaccharides). Lichen metabolites exert a wide variety of biological actions including antibiotic, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects. This paper mainly reviews research progress of studies on biological activities of lichens secondary metabolites including chemistry of lichen substances,the possible roles of lichens secondary metabolites in nature and biological activities of lichens secondary metabolites particular attention is paid to some secondary metabolites of lichens,focusing on a number of its biological activities in different fields.%地衣是一种真菌与藻类的共生体,是广泛分布于世界各地.地衣可以产生很多初生和次生代谢物(地衣物质).地衣物质分为脂肪族地衣物质,芳香族地衣物质和碳水化合物(多糖类)等几个组.地衣代谢物用于一系列各种各样的生物学行为包括抗生素、抗细菌、抗病毒、抗炎、止痛、除虫、抗增殖和细胞毒性效应等.本文主要综述了地衣次生代谢物的化学分类,地衣次生代谢物在自然界中的重要作用,地衣次生代谢物的生物活性等几个方面,并集中综述了有些重要地衣次生代谢物及其在不同领域中的几种生物活性问题.
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