茶树油粕中茶皂素研究进展

摘要

The oil residues of Camellia semiserrata contain functional components such as tea saponin,flavonoids,polyphenols and polysaccharides with various biological activities.Current studies on tea saponin are focused on its isolation and identification.However,its structural identification remains a hot and difficult topic.Tea saponin is a nonionic surfactant and has many functions such as bacteriostasis,insecticidal action antioxidation,anti-inflammation and hemolytic effect.In this paper,the chemical structure,physical and chemical characteristics,surfactant property and biological activity of tea saponin are reviewed.%茶树油粕中除含有残油外,还含有其他功能性成分（茶皂素、黄酮类、多酚、多糖等）,具有不同的生物活性。对于茶皂素的分离和结构鉴定,结构鉴定是其研究的热点和难点。茶皂素是一种性能优良的非离子型表面活性剂,同时其具有抑菌、杀虫、抗氧化、抗消炎、溶血等生物活性。本文着重对茶皂素的化学结构、理化性质、表面活性及生物活性研究方面进行综述。