农产品及其制品中交链孢酚和交链孢酚单甲醚研究进展

摘要

交链孢菌(Alternaria spp.)是一类重要的植物病原体,能产生多种毒素,其中交链孢酚(alternariol,AOH)和交链孢酚单甲醚(altemariol monomethyl ether,AME)是目前从食物中检出的比较普遍和主要的2种交链孢毒素,可广泛污染蔬菜、水果及谷物等农产品及其制品.本文对AOH和AME的结构及理化性质、毒性、产生影响因素、生物及化学合成和污染现状等进行了综述,并对交链孢毒素限量标准的制定、快速检测方法等进行了展望.%Fungi of the genus Alternaria spp.are one of the important plant pathogens that can produce a variety of mycotoxins.Alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) are two important Alternaria spp.toxins that can contaminate various agro-products including vegetables,fruits,grains and their processed products.In this paper,the structure,physicochemical characteristics and toxicity of AOH and AME,the factors affecting their formation,their chemical and biological synthesis pathways,and the current status of their contamination levels are reviewed.Future prospects for the formulation of maximum residue limit standards and for the rapid detection of AOH and AME are discussed.