枸杞色泽与其类胡萝卜素含量和组成的相关性

摘要

类胡萝卜素是枸杞的一类主要特征性功效成分.常规的分析测定方法为有机溶剂提取后用比色法和高效液相色谱法分别进行总含量和组分分析,该方法步骤繁琐、周期长、成本较高.本研究旨在以枸杞表面不同颜色特征值为指标,通过对枸杞类胡萝卜素组成与枸杞色泽的相关性分析,建立一种枸杞类胡萝卜素含量和组成的快速判断方法.以9份不同种质枸杞材料果实为样本,采用CM-5分光测色仪分别对其颜色进行量化分析,并进行枸杞颜色特征值与类胡萝卜素及各组分含量的相关性分析.结果表明:不同种质枸杞表皮颜色特征值差异显著,果皮红度(α)和类胡萝卜素总含量呈显著性正相关(P＜0.05),色度角(h)和类胡萝卜素总含量呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01).与各组分的相关性分析发现枸杞果皮亮度(L)、h和玉米黄素含量呈显著性正相关,α值和饱和度(c)与玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯的含量呈显著性正相关(P＜0.05).故可采用测色仪检测枸杞的色泽并对比枸杞中类胡萝卜素和各组分的含量高低,较便捷地分析评价枸杞类胡萝卜素含量及组分.本方法具有零有机溶剂、简单、便捷的优势,可为枸杞优质选育及质量评价提供理论依据和技术参考.%Carotenoids is one of the major classes of functional components in wolfberry.Total carotenoid content and composition are generally analyzed by colorimetry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after organic solvent extraction;however,these methods are complicated,time-consuming and expensive.The paper aims to analyze the relationship between skin color characteristics with carotenoid composition in wolfberry for the purpose of establishing a quick method for estimating the carotenoid composition and contents of wolf berry.The color of nine different accessions was quantitatively analyzed with a CM-5 colorimeter,and the relationships between the color values and carotenoid contents were discussed.The results showed that the color of wolfberry peel differed obviously among accessions.Total carotenoid content was correlated significantly positively with redness (a) but negatively with chromaticity (h) (P ＜ 0.05).Brightness (L) and h were positively correlated with zeaxanthine content,and a and saturation (c) were positively correlated with zeaxanthin dipalmitate content.Accordingly,the content and composition of carotenoids in wolfberry could be conveniently determined by instrumental measurement of skin color.The method was simple and without the use of organic solvent and could provide a theoretical and technical basis for wolfberry breeding and quality evaluation.