亚临界水萃取马兰挥发油及其抑菌活性的研究

摘要

To optimize the technology parameter for extracting volatile oil from Kalimeris indica with subcritical water,the single factor and orthogonal experiment were conducted by taking volatile oil yield as index,and the bacteriostetic activities of volatile oil were studied.The results were as follows: the yield of volatile oil was 0.50% at 5.0 MPa,160 ℃ for 30 min with the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶ 1(mL∶ g),while the volatile oil yields of Kalimeris indica by steam distillation and Solex extraction method with aether were 0.34% and 0.23%,respectively.Compared with traditional extraction methods,extracting volatile oil from Kalimeris indica using subcritical water has obvious advantage in saving time and extraction ratio.In addition,the volatile oil extracted from Kalimeris indica was found to be possessed powerful bacteriostetic activities to Escherichia coli,yeast and Staphylococcus aureus within the range of experimental concentration.%以马兰挥发油提取得率为指标,通过单因素和正交试验,考察亚临界水萃取马兰挥发油的最佳实验条件,优选出马兰挥发油的亚临界水萃取工艺参数,并对马兰挥发油的抑菌活性进行研究。结果表明,当提取压力为5.0 MPa、提取温度160℃、水料比20∶1（mL/g）、提取时间30 min时,马兰挥发油提取得率达0.50%,与水蒸气蒸馏法和乙醚索氏提取法（挥发油提取得率分别为0.34%,0.23%）相比,亚临界水萃取马兰挥发油从时间和提取率上均具有明显的优势,而且马兰挥发油在一定浓度范围内对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、酵母菌均有较强的抑制作用。