水质标识指数法在鉴江流域水质评价中的应用研究

摘要

Based on the monitoring data of the four main river branches in Maoming from 2008 to 2015, this study selects the dissolved oxygen,potassium permanganate index,the 5th biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus as monitoring objects as the research object.It uses single factor water quality identification index method and comprehensive water quality identification index method to analyze the monitoring data of water quality in different river sections and different rivers and evaluates the comprehensive pollution of water quality and the demonstrating compliance of Functional area.Evaluation on the comprehensive water quality changes over time were made.Results showing that pollution of the JianjiangRiver was gradually increasing from the midstream to the downstream,while the upstream and downstream units of the rive made the largest contribution to the pollution of JianjiangRiver in 2015 XiaodongRiver was most polluted of the branches,while Meihuajiang and Luojiang was relatively less polluted.During 2008 to 2015, the curves of the comprehensive water quality of JiangjiangRiver,Luojiang,Meihuajiang and Luojiang, which although stated in different degrees of improvement and degradation,meeting the requirements of water quality target in water function area,moved in waves and floated up and down between a degrees of one kind of water quality categories.%通过单因子水质标识指数法和综合水质标识指数法,以2008年-2015年茂名市4条主要干支流的监测数据为基础,选取溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量、氨氮和总磷为监测对象,对同一条河流不同断面及同一时段不同河流的水质监测数据进行分析,评价河流综合水质的污染情况及功能区达标情况,并对鉴江、罗江、袂花江和小东江的综合水质随时间变化进行了定量评价.结果表明,2015年鉴江上游与下游单元对干流的污染贡献最大,中游单元的污染程度最小,由中游至下游污染程度逐渐加重,即鉴江的污染主要来自下游;支流中小东江污染程度最高,袂花江与罗江的水体相对较好.2008年-2015年期间鉴江、罗江、袂花江、小东江的年综合水质变化呈现出不同程度的改善、恶化,其综合水质曲线呈波浪式并在一个水质类别之间上下浮动,综合水质均达到水功能区水质目标要求.