支撑京津冀区域大气污染联防联控的大气监测体系构建

摘要

京津冀区域已成为全国大气污染最严重的地区之一,并且呈现出明显的区域性污染特征,加强区域间的环境合作,实施区域联防联控是解决京津冀区域大气污染问题的有效手段.对照《生态环境监测网络建设方案》的要求,目前京津冀区域大气监测体系还存在着监测网络不健全、监测项目覆盖不全面、监测新技术应用不足、质控体系不完善、信息产品供给与公众需求有差距等问题,与京津冀区域大气污染联防联控的要求不相适应.为全面提升京津冀区域大气监测体系对区域联防联控的技术支撑能力,亟需进一步完善京津冀区域的监测网络,增设传输研究、污染监控等特殊监测点位;逐步拓展监测项目,开展颗粒物化学组分和O3前体物监测;加快遥感监测等立体监测技术在大气监测中的应用,全面分析污染物时空分布特征与传输规律;加强空气质量预报预警能力建设,为重污染天气应对提供技术支持;规范监测事权上收后的全过程质控体系,建立颗粒物标准方法比对和O3量值传递质控机制;构建环境监测大数据平台,加强数据分析应用与信息公开.%The air quality monitoring data shows that Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the most severely polluted area in China,and the pollution is obviously a regional issue Enhancing the regional environmental cooperation,implementing the united prevention and control of the air pollution is an effective action to resolve the air pollution in Beijing Tianjin and Hebei area,comparing with the Project on the Ecological Environmental Monitoring Network,the present monitoring network is imperfect yet,and haven't included all pollutants,some new monitoring technique isn't applied widely,the quality assurances system is also incomplete,the information producing can't meet public require,so that the current monitoring system can't support the united prevention and control of air pollution effectively.In order to promote the ambient air monitoring ability,should further consummate the monitoring network,set up some new monitoring sites to study the air pollutant transfer phenomenon and pay attention to thepollutant emission,expand the monitoring parameters to monitor the chemical species of particulate matters and the ozone precursor,expedite the application of the remote sensing monitoring technique to research the air pollutant distribution characteristics and transfer rule between the cities,strengthen the air quality prediction and early warning system to counter the heavy air pollution issue,establish the mechanism to compare the method for the PM monitoring and the unit value dissemination system for ozone monitoring,to complete the whole quality control and quality assurance system,establish the big data analyzing platform to enhance the monitoring data application and information publicity.