世界能源地缘政治格局与中国面临的挑战

摘要

Based on the study of worldwide energy spatial features, the paper proposed that the spatial dislocation of oil & gas resources, production and consumption is the key characteristics of world energy geopolitics. Its landscape was composed by energy supply heartland, internal-demand moon-type zone, external-demand zone and some energy strategic hub countries connecting them. The energy geopolitics strategy of U.S., Russia, Japan, India and Iran was studied, and the characteristics of energy geopolitics for China were carefully examined. The paper finally learned the challenges that China was confronted with from the perspective of oil & gas exporting countries, importing countries and transportation tunnels.%基于对全球能源资源分布和生产消费格局的探讨,本文提出全球油气资源、生产与油气产品消费的错位,是能源地缘政治基本特征,并认为能源供应心脏地带、内需求月型地带、外需求地带,以及将这些国家联系在一起的能源战略枢纽国家,共同构成了当今的世界能源地缘政治版图.探讨了美国、俄罗斯、日本、印度和伊朗等国的能源地缘政治战略,并剖析了中国能源地缘政治的特征.本文从油气出口国、进口国和运输通道三个方面剖析了中国能源地缘政治面临的挑战.