高速公路宏观动态交通流模型的FPGA仿真实现

摘要

高速公路宏观动态模型研究对高速公路交通流的控制具有重要意义。以工控机为处理核心的系统存在的体积大、功耗大，不适宜长期在实际路口工作的缺陷，本文旨在研究一种基于FPGA的仿真实现高速公路宏观动态模型，以克服工控机的不足之处。设计了16位自定义浮点数，与Quartus II软件中公开浮点数运算IP核相比，能够在保证计算精度的前提下节省FPGA的逻辑资源。基于上述浮点数运算模块，本文对高速公路宏观动态交通流模型进行了FPGA的仿真实现，并将其结果与MATLAB运算结果进行对比。结果表明基于FPGA的仿真不仅能够满足仿真精度的指标，还可以获得更快的运算速度。%Study on the model of the highway macro-dynamic is important for the control of freeway traffic flow. Based on the Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) as the system core of large volume, high power consumption, is not suitable for long-term working on actual road. This paper aims to study the implementation of an expressway macro-dynamic model on FPGA simulation, in order to overcome the shortcomings of IPC. Design of the 16 bit floating number, compared with the Quartus II software is disclosed in floating point arithmetic IP core, can save logic resource of FPGA in ensuring the computational accuracy. Based on floating point arithmetic modules above, the article implemented the simulation of macroscopic dynamic traffic flow model on FPGA, and compared the result with that of MATLAB. The results show that the simulation on FPGA can not only meet the simulation precision, but also can obtain a faster computing speed.