我国男生“学业落后”的现状、成因与思考

摘要

Based on the data of many researches, it is found out that compared with female students, the male students in China distinctly lag behind in academic achievement from elementary school, middle school to university. The reasons that led to the academic backwardness mainly included the school education factors, social factors and individual factors, and "examination-oriented education" played the most important role in the academic backwardness of male students. In allusion to academic backwardness of male students, we should pay attention to the objective reality and influence of gender difference, reform teaching pattern and improve the teaching content on experience and cultivate the ability of hand-operating, reform evaluation system of teaching and properly improve the evaluation content on hand-operating and reasoning imagination, and make synthetic judgment on the admission age according to the general condition of the development of the mind and body of the children.%多项实证研究表明，从小学、中学到大学，我国学校男生的学业表现均明显落后于女生。学校教育因素、社会因素和男生自身因素是导致男生学业落后的主要原因。其中，学校教育中的“应试教育”倾向对男生学业落后起到最为重要的作用。针对男生学业落后问题，应尊重性别差异的客观存在及其影响，改革教学方式，增加“体验性”及有助于培养动手操作能力的教学内容；改革教育教学评价体系，适当增加动手操作、推理想象等评价内容；根据儿童身心发展总体状况来综合判断入学年龄。