关尾史郎先生《另一个敦煌》评介

摘要

This paper introduces Mr. SekioShiro’s new work Another Dunhuang -The World of Exorcistic Vessels and Image Bricks and reviews its academic value and features of research methodology. The prelude introduces Dunhuang’s geographical environment and history from the Han to the Northern Wei; the first chapter introduces Dunhuang’s ancient tomb groups as well as excavated exorcistic texts and image bricks; and the second and third chapters study the exorcistic vessels, image bricks, and tombs with image bricks on their walls in an effort to differentiate them from those found in other areas of the Hexi regions. Based on detailed analysis, the fourth chapter reexamines how the regional society of Dunhuang took shape. The Han dynasty wooden and bamboo slips as well as Dunhuang documents have been used to verify that among the people who immigrated to Dunhuang in the Han dynasty there were many central government officials and their families. Confucian literacy and Taoist philosophy they brought shaped the background of a unique funeral culture characterized by the exorcistic vessels and image bricks found at Dunhuang. These items can also be regarded as a manifestation of local Dunhuang culture and society. The publication of this book verifies that there is considerable potential for a comprehensive study of the funeral items and points out a new direction for future Dunhuang and Turfan Studies.%文章对关尾史郎先生的新著《另一个敦煌——镇墓瓶与画像砖的世界》进行了介绍，并评述了该书的学术价值和研究方法上的特色。该书在序章介绍了敦煌的地理环境及从汉代到北魏的敦煌历史，第一章介绍了敦煌古墓群及其出土镇墓文、画像砖的概况；第二、三两章分别考察了镇墓瓶、画像砖和画像砖墓的情况，旨在揭示敦煌的这两类墓葬文物与河西其他地域的差别；在具体分析的基础上，第四章重新探讨了敦煌地域社会的形成。作者引用汉简及敦煌文书等资料证明汉代迁入敦煌的还有中央官员及其家族，他们带来的儒学素养及黄老思想都成为敦煌以镇墓瓶和画像砖为代表的独特墓葬文化形成的背景。这些也可以看作敦煌地域社会形成的表现。关尾史郎这部著作的出版，表明其对墓葬文物进行综合研究具有可观的潜力，提示了未来敦煌吐鲁番学研究的一个新方向。