人神共存的境界--尼泊尔古宗教建筑空间文化赏析

摘要

Founded as a religious country with a very long history of religious traditions, Nepal is one of the countries with most advanced architecture in Himalayan region. Numerous open-air museums refect the combination of political power and religion. Religion has become the tool for politics. Palaces and temples coexist harmoniously, constituting groups of architectures and expressing special art charming, especially in their location, layout, spatial composition and decoration. Nepalese architecture features the atmosphere of coexistence of God and human. Religious architectures are close to the commons or even all creatures, realizing the religious doctrine of harmony.%　　尼泊尔以宗教立国，拥有非常悠久的宗教历史与宗教传统，是喜马拉雅地区建筑艺术最为发达的国家之一。尼泊尔处处都是“露天博物馆”，在各种建筑中体现了政权与宗教的结合，宗教成为政权的工具，宫殿与寺庙和谐相处，构成了一组又一组的建筑群，因而焕发出一种独特的艺术魅力，尤其是在建筑选址、平面布局、空间构成与装饰等方面极有特色。在尼泊尔的建筑环境中，处处可以感受到的是人与神同在的氛围，宗教建筑与普通平民乃至万物生灵之间均是零距离的接触关系，相生相融，而实现着“和谐”的宗教教义。