在美国大学里,营建学生社区的方式在于精心设计一个面对面的环境。在这个环境里,社区成员可以跨越多种互动的方式和范围,在不同层面上进行交流。强烈的社区感是预防孤立封闭的良方,能让学生通过其大学体验,发展出与学校更广泛的人力和资源的各种联系。由此所形成的彼此依赖的意识和对追求学术多样性的理解,成为他们终身归属感、牵挂感以及真挚情感的基石。有目的性地营造社区能够强化学术成果;那些善于理解并运用这些设计工具的校园案例,将会见证学术的成功以及学生的投入。作者最近和来自美国大学的学生事务及住宅管理人员一道参观了几所中国大学;在此次参观中,在中国发展有目的性住宅社区,以及强化住宿设施的机遇被凸现出来。通过对照只是简单提供足够床位的宿舍,本文围绕设计有目的性的学生居住社区的相关问题、理论、工具和方法进一步展开讨论。%In American Universities,student community is built by intentionally designing a face-to-face environment where members of the community are involved with each other across many layers of interaction and scale.A strong sense of community is the antidote to isolation,allowing students to develop connections with the broader human and resource base during their university experience.Students＇ awareness of their shared interdependency and appreciation of the diversity of academic pursuits are the foundation for a lifelong sense of belonging,mattering,and endearment to the university.Intentionally building community enhances learning outcomes,and facility designs that understand and utilize appropriate design tools toward that outcome will create evidence of academic and social development success.A recent tour of Chinese universities with a group of Student Affairs and Housing professionals from universities in the United States highlighted the opportunity for more intentional student community development and enhanced residential facilities as China continues its expansion of access to higher education.This article expands upon the issues,theory,tools,and methods of designing intentional student residential communities in contrast to simply providing an adequate number of beds and housing.
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