Objective To explore efficacy advantage montelukast combination with interferonα1 b in the treatment of pediatric asthmatic bronchitis. Methods Random selection in our hospital 136 cases of children with asthmatic bronchitis, according to stratified randomized divided into control group and treatment group(n=68). Control group intravenous antibiotics, cough and phlegm and other conventional treatment based on the use of ribavirin Lin antiretroviral therapy;treatment group patients in the conventional symptomatic treatment based on the use of interferonα1 b inhalation and night to be montelukast oral treatment), compared two groups of patients after treatment of differences in short-term and long-term efficacy. Results Recent therapeutic effect:fever, asthma, wheezing and other symptoms subside time and hospital stay were significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.05);Treatment group total effective rate was 91.2%, higher than the control (P<0.05). Long-term effect:the treatment group 3 months and 6 months of relapse rates were 4.4%, 7.4%, significantly lower than the control group, 20.6%, 27.9%(P<0.05);Treatment group did not appear adverse reactions, control group rash one case, one case of upper gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Conclusion Nterferon α1 b with Montelukast sodium has a certain preventive asthmatic bronchitis in children with airway hyperresponsiveness role in the efficacy, safety and reliability, is worthy of further promotion.%目的：探讨小儿喘息性支气管炎应用孟鲁司特钠联合干扰素α1b治疗的疗效优势。方法随机选取深圳市远东妇儿科医院收治的喘息性支气管炎患儿136例，按分层随机分组法均分为对照组和治疗组（n=68）。对照组在静脉抗感染，止咳化痰等常规治疗基础上加用利巴韦林抗病毒治疗；治疗组在常规对症处理基础上加用干扰素α1b雾化吸入，并每晚予以孟鲁司特钠口服治疗，比较2组患者经治疗后的近期及远期疗效差异。结果近期疗效：治疗组的发热、气喘、哮鸣音等症状的消退时间及住院时间比较，均显著短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；治疗总有效率为91.2%，显著高于对照组的70.6%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。远期疗效：治疗组治疗3个月及6个月的再次复发率分别为4.4%、7.4%，均显著低于对照组20.6%、27.9%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；治疗组未出现不良反应，对照组出现皮疹1例、上消化道不良反应1例。结论孟鲁司特钠联合干扰素α1b具有一定的预防喘息性支气管炎患儿气道高反应性的疗效作用，安全可靠，值得临床推广应用。
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