香蕉皮中膳食纤维总量提取的工艺研究

摘要

研究了从香蕉皮中提取膳食纤维的两种工艺：酶碱法、纯酶法；确定了最佳提取率的条件：NaOH溶液浓度、水浴时间、α-淀粉酶加酶量、胃蛋白酶加酶量，对提取香蕉皮膳食纤维总量的影响。实验结果表明：NaOH溶液质量分数为5%，水浴时间为50 min，α-淀粉酶加酶量为0.3 g，胃蛋白酶加酶量为0.3 g时，这两种方法对总膳食纤维质量的提取率均达到70%以上。并且分别确定了两种方法所提取的水溶性膳食纤维和非溶性膳食纤维的量，更清楚了解了不同的纤维在香蕉皮中的比例。结果表明：水溶性膳食纤维随实验因素变化不明显，非溶性膳食纤维对各个实验因素较为敏感，在适当的加酶量、NaOH 溶液浓度、水浴时间下可得到最优提取。%Two extractionprocessesofdietary fiber from banana peelwerestudied,includingenzyme-alkali method andenzyme method.Thebestextractionconditionswere determined through investigating effect ofNaOHsolution concentration, waterbath time,alpha-amylasedosageandpepsindosage onextraction of dietary fiber from banana peel.Experimentalresults show that:whenalkali solution concentrationis5%,bath time is 50min,alpha-amylase dosage is 0.3 g / 50 mL water,pepsin dosage 0.3 g/50 mLwater,dietary fiber extraction rates of the two methods all are more than70%.Extraction rates of the two methodsforwater-soluble dietary fiber and water insoluble dietary fiber weredeterminedtomore clearly know the proportion of different fiber in the bananapeel. Theresults showthat:the extraction rateofthe water-soluble dietary fiber doesnot change significantly with the experimental factors,the extraction rateofthewater insoluble dietary fiber is more sensitive to various experimental factors,and theextraction ratecanbeincreased byoptimizingextractionconditions.