一种枪弹痕迹自动检测优化仿真研究

摘要

为了消除因弹痕测量位置和姿态不同而造成的测量误差,提高检测和分析枪弹痕迹的准确性,提出了一种枪弹弹痕自动检测优化仿真算法.首先采用最小二乘法拟合出弹头各个截面的外表面轮廓,用MATLAB编程实现,并得到对应的圆心坐标.然后通过连接各截面的圆心坐标得到弹头的中轴线,根据中轴线的位置计算得出中轴线在进行坐标变换时需要旋转的角度和平移量,从而使其与y轴重合后再进行统一比对.实践证明,算法简单高效,能够较好的消除因位置和姿态不同而造成的测量误差,适合应用于大多数的枪弹弹痕的自动比对中.%In order to eliminate measurement error caused by different measuring positions and attitudes of bullet marks, and improve the accuracy for detecting and analyzing bullet marks, a simulation study of automatic detection optimization for bullet marks was presented. The algorithm was programed with MATLAB. First, the algorithm fitted each section contour of bullets and acquired the corresponding coordinates of center of circle by using least square method. The bullets' medial axes were obtained after connecting each section's coordinates of center of circle. Then the rotation angles and translation amount used for coordinate transformation can be calculated based on the positions of medial axes. Thus, all the bullet marks coincided with theyaxis before comparison. The result proves that the algorithm is simple and efficient, and can well eliminate measurement error caused by different measuring position and attitude of bullet marks. Therefore, it is suitable for most of the automatic comparison of bullet marks.