基于负载观测的最大风能跟踪控制

摘要

研究风力发电机风能优化控制问题,由于风轮系统存在非线性,为了实现最大化捕获风能,设计了基于耗散系统理论框架的L2范数优化鲁棒速度控制器,有效克服系统参数变化带来的系统不确定性的影响；并为克服大惯量风轮转矩变化对风速跟踪的不良影响,设计了一个负载观测器,在线观测风轮转矩,对风轮转矩的动态变化进行补偿,实现了风速动态跟踪控制,提高了风能转换效率.以1.5MW直驱永磁风电机组作为研究对象,进行了仿真,结果表明,控制策略可以有效地实现最大风能跟踪控制,并且对于干扰具有较强的鲁棒性,为风力发电优化设计提供了依据.%In order to maximize capture wind energy,we designed a I2 norm optimal robust speed controllerbased on dissipative system theory framework,which effectively overcomes the uncertainty of variation of system parameters.Therefore,a load observer was designed to overcome bad effect of rotor torque variation,which can accurately observe rotor torque and compensate the dynamic changes of the rotor torque,realize wind speed tracing control and improve the wind energy conversion efficiency.Taking a 1.5mw direct-driven permanent-magnet wind turbine as an research object,the results of simulation experiment show that this control strategy can effectively achieve the maximum wind power tracking control,and has strong robustness for unknown disturbances of wind speed fluctuation,provides a basis for optimization design of wind turbine.