具有固定车辆数的多车型低碳路径问题及算法

摘要

To solve the heterogeneous vehicle low-carbon routing problem based on energy consumption and carbon emissions,the calculation method of energy consumption and carbon emissions was proposed by taking the vehicle load and speed into consideration.Using the peddling shipment strategy,an optimization model named Heterogeneous Fixed Fleet Low-carbon Routing Problem (HFFLRP) was set up.Based on the property of this problem,a Splitting-based Multi-starts Tabu Search (SM-TS) algorithm was designed,and a novel routes encoding and decoding algorithms named Heterogeneous Fixed Fleet Route Splitting (HFFRS) was introduced in this algorithmMulti-starts strategy was adopted to improve the diversified search capabilities of the algorithm.Computational results of benchmark instances demonstrated that this algorithm was effective and feasible.The heterogeneous fixed fleet low-carbon routing arrangement was more economic and environmental than traditional vehicle routing arrangement.%为研究基于能耗和碳排放的具有固定车辆数的多车型低碳路径问题,提出了考虑车辆运量和速度的能耗和碳排放量计算方法,建立了非满载运输方式下具有固定车辆数的多车型低碳路径优化模型.基于问题的性质,设计了基于划分的多起点禁忌搜索算法对问题进行求解,该算法引入一种新颖的路径编码与解码算法——具有固定车辆数的多车型路径划分算法,采用了多起点策略增强算法的多样化搜索能力.通过基准测试实例验证了算法的有效性和可行性,实验分析表明,采用具有固定车辆数的多车型低碳路径安排比传统的车辆路径安排更加经济和环保.