实时系统中对象间数据共享的设计及实现

摘要

With the implementation of iec61970 Standard,the description of equipment resources in main power station supervisory system began to use standard object model,which requires the adoption of more and more object-oriented technology in software development. Because of the requirement of real-time property and large-scale data exchanges in main power station supervisory system,usually the sharing memory is used as the way of data exchange between the processes.However it requires to resolve the objects’properties and map them into basic data types and arrays,and to arrange them according to a predetermined layout,but this restricts the application of object-oriented technology.By applying MEMENTO (memo)object behaviour mode and STL containers memory distributor,we keep away from various limitation (cannot have the virtual heritance and virtual function but can only include the basic data type,etc.)imposed on the object when multiple processes share the object,and put forward a method of sharing object data by the state chain.Experimental results show that this method can satisfy the requirement of real-time data exchange in main power station supervisory system.%随着 iec61970标准的推行，电力主站监控系统中的设备资源开始采用标准对象模型进行描述，这就要求软件开发中越来越多地采用面向对象技术。由于电力主站监控的实时性和大数据量交换的要求，一般采用共享内存作为进程间数据交换的方式，但共享内存的使用要求将对象的属性解析映射成基本数据类型及数组，并按预定的布局形式排列，这限制了面向对象技术的使用。应用 MEMENTO（备忘录）对象行为型模式和 STL 容器内存分配器避开了多个进程间共享对象时对对象的诸多限制（不能有虚继承、虚函数，只能包含基础数据类型等），提出一种通过状态链接来实现对象数据共享的方法。实验结果表明，该方法能满足电力主站监控系统中实时数据交换的要求。