Objective To explore the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in the population at high risk for stroke. Methods A total of 1200 patients at high risk of stroke screened from a community in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province from February 2015 to February 2017 were selected as study subjects. According to the results of neck ultrasound examination, all the patients were divided into carotid intima-media thickness ( CIMT) group , non-CIMT group, plaque formation group and non-plaque formation group, The distribution of risk factors for CAS in all groups was documented. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, education, past med-ical history, physical exercise, and history of drinking were significantly different between CIMT group and non-CIMT group as well as between plaque formation group and non-plaque formation group. CIMT and plaque formation were positively correlated with age, history of stroke, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, coronary heart disease and physi-cal exercise (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with education, family history of stroke and regular consumption of fruits (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, age, history of stroke, diabetes and physical exercise were risk factors for CAS in patients at high risk of stroke. Conclusion Adequate physical ex-ercise, good living style and active control of risk factors are beneficial in the prevention of CAS in people at high risk of stroke.%目的 探讨脑卒中高危人群颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素.方法 选取石家庄某社区1200例脑卒中高危人群作为研究对象,均行颈部超声检查,根据结果分为有无颈动脉内膜中层增厚组及有无斑块形成组,记录各组颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素分布情况.结果 内膜中层增厚组与内膜中层厚度正常组、斑块形成组与无斑块形成组性别、年龄、受教育程度、既往病史、体育锻炼等方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).颈动脉内膜中层增厚和斑块形成与年龄、脑卒中病史、高血压病、吸烟、糖尿病、冠心病、体育锻炼等呈明显正相关(P<0.05),与受教育程度、脑卒中家族史、常吃水果等呈明显负相关(P<0.05).多因素Lo-gistic回归分析显示,吸烟、年龄、脑卒中病史、糖尿病及体育锻炼等为脑卒中高危人群颈动脉粥样硬化发生的高危因素.结论 加强体育锻炼、养成良好的生活习惯、积极控制高危因素可有效预防脑卒中高危人群颈动脉粥样硬化的发生.
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