叶酸健康宣教对备孕期女性叶酸服用情况及母婴健康状况的影响

摘要

Objective To study the effect of health education about folic acid on folic acid taking and health of maternal and child of pregnant women. Methods 248 cases of pregnant women took pre-pregnancy examination in our hospital from January 2012 to May 2013 were selected as research objects and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 124 cases in each group. The control group was given normal inspection, the observation group was given folic acid health education on the basis of normal inspection . The excellent and good rate of folic acid taking, physical conditions of pregnant women and pregnant outcomes were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results The excellent and good rate of folic acid taking of the observation group was 90.32%, significantly higher than 74.19% of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P <0.05). The incidence of anemia, digestive tract symptoms, fatigue and poor mental state in pregnant women of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The incidence of low body weight, cleft lip and palate, heart defect and neural tube defects in newborns of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Folic acid health education on pregnant women can improve the conditions of folic acid taking. Folic acid can effectively improve the physical conditions of pregnant women, effectively prevent the occurrence of fetal neural tube deformity, promote the development of fetal nervous system and improve the pregnant outcomes.%目的：研究叶酸健康宣教对备孕期女性叶酸服用情况及母婴健康状况影响。方法选取2012年1月至2013年5月在我院进行孕前检查的248例孕妇为研究对象，随机分为对照组和观察组各124例。对照组备孕期女性给予正常检查，观察组备孕期女性在此基础上给予叶酸健康宣教。观察并比较两组叶酸服用优良率、孕妇身体状况以及妊娠结局。结果观察组叶酸服用优良率为90.32%，显著高于对照组的74.19%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组孕前女性贫血、消化道症状、乏力、精神状态差的发生率均显著低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿低体重、唇腭裂、心脏缺陷、神经管发育缺陷发生率均显著低于对照组的，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对备孕期女性进行叶酸的知识宣教可改善孕妇叶酸服用情况。叶酸可以有效改善备产妇的身体状况，还可有效预防胎儿神经管畸形的发生，促进胎儿神经系统的发育，改善妊娠结局。