半夏在《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》中的应用探析

摘要

Objective:To provide rational use ofPinellia ternata in modern clinical medicine,based on the study ofPinellia ternate in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang and Qian Jin Yi Fang,and the rules of applying Pinellia ternata in Sui and Tang Dynasties.Methods:235 oral decoctions were screened from the prescriptions of Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang and Qian Jin Yi Fang.Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS software were used to record and analyze the data ofPinellia ternata in prescriptions.Results:Liang and Sheng were the most commonly used dose unit in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang and Qian Jin Yi Fang.The dose range ofPinellia ternata was 3.5～270 g,the average dose was (56.8 ±34.11) g,the highest frequency of dose was concentrated on 13.9～90 g,and the most commonly used dose was 90 g.With the dose applied in the range of 30～60 g and 60～90 g (including 90 g),Pinellia ternata had the most comprehensive effect.The most used herbs combined with Pinellia ternata were licorice,ginger and ginseng.Conclusion:The dose ofPinellia ternate applied in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang and Qian Jin Yi Fang is different from that stipulated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia as 3～9 g.Ultra low dose or high dose ofPinellia ternate are both used in the two books,with a wide dose range.It is suggested that the dose range of Pinellia ternata in Pharmacopoeia should be expanded to 3～90 g.%目的:通过对《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》中半夏的应用情况的研究,了解半夏在隋唐时期的应用规律,为半夏在现代临床中的合理使用提供依据.方法:从《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》的方剂中,筛选出235首含半夏的内服汤剂,利用Microsoft Office Excel和SPSS软件对235首方剂中半夏的数据进行了录入和统计分析.结果:《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》中最常用的剂量单位是两和升,半夏的使用剂量范围为3.5～270 g,平均使用剂量为(56.8±34.11)g,使用频率最高的剂量集中在13.9～90g,最常用剂量为90 g.在30～60 g、60～90 g(含90 g)的范围内半夏所具有的功效最全面,与半夏配伍最多的药材是甘草、生姜、人参.结论:《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》中的半夏使用剂量与《中国药典》中规定的3～9g相差很多,无论是超小剂量还是超大剂量在两部著作中都有应用,用药剂量范围也要宽泛的多.建议将药典中半夏的使用剂量范围扩大到3～90 g.