护理干预在130例骨科老年患者术后认知功能障碍中的应用

摘要

Objective To explore the nursing intervention measures and effect in preventing post operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) of elderly orthopedic patients. Methods 260 elderly inpatients undergoing elective operation in the orthopedic department from January 2011 to June 2012 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the observation group and the con trol group according to the random number table,with 130 cases in each group. The control group was given corresponding conven tional perioperative nursing, and on tnis base tne observation group was perlormed tne systematic nursing intervention. 1 ne mini mental state examination(MMSE) scores and the occurrence rates of POCD before and after operation were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative 24 h and 5 d MMSE scores and the occurrence rates of POCD in the observation group showed statistical difference compared with the control group(P<0. 05). The POCD occurrence rate in the observation group was 21. 54% ,which was significantly lower than 46. 92% in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion Elderly orthopedic patients are prone to happen POCD. Implementing targeted nursing intervention measures has important clinical meaning and value to prevent POCD.%目的 探讨预防骨科老年患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的护理干预措施及实施效果.方法 选取2011年1月至2012年6月骨科住院的择期手术的患者260例,随机数字表法分为对照组130例,予以相应的围术期常规护理.观察组130例,在相应病种围术期常规护理的基础上,采取针对POCD的系统护理干预.比较两组患者术前与术后简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分、POCD发生率等.结果 观察组术后24 h、术后5 d 简易精神状态检查表评分及POCD发生率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 骨科老年患者容易发生术后认知功能障碍,通过实施有针对性的护理干预措施,对预防POCD具有重要的临床意义和价值.