重庆市就医人员健康素养调查及影响因素分析

摘要

目的：探究重庆市就医人员健康素养水平现况及其影响因素，为促进健康素养的开展提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，选取重庆市8家综合性医院共768名就医人员，使用《就医人员健康素养调查问卷》进行健康素养现况的横断面调查。结果重庆市就医人员健康素养具备率为4．82％，基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能3方面素养的具备率分别是16．28％、2．21％和38．41％。科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救、基本医疗素养的具备率分别为10．68％、20．31％、8．59％、23．57％、10．68％。现居地、文化程度、职业、至亲从医情况、医疗保险种类、性别、年龄对健康素养的具备率有影响（P＜0．05）。Logistic回归分析发现职业、至亲从医情况是影响就医人员是否具备健康素养的重要因素（P＜0．05）。结论重庆市就医人员中健康素养具备率较低，需要各部门和就医人员的共同努力，开展有针对性的干预活动。%Objective To investigate the status on health‐related knowledge and skills among the patients in the Chongqing area and to provide basis for developing public health‐related knowledge and skills .Methods Seven hundred and sixty‐eight patients from 8 general hospitals were sampled ,using the stratified random sampling method .A cross‐sectional investigation on health literacy was conducted with questionnaire“ health awareness survey of patients”,and SAS8 .0 was used to statistically analyze the data .Results The awareness rate of health literacy in Chongqing was 4 .82% .As for the 3 health literacy related aspects including basic health concept and knowledge ,health lif‐estyle and behaviors ,and the health related skills ,the rates were 16 .28% ,2 .21% and 38 .41% respectively .Besides ,the rate of the 5 as‐pects including health conception ,the prevention of infection ,the prevention of chronic diseases ,the safety and the first aid ,the basic medical treatment of analysis were 10 .68% ,20 .31% ,8 .59% ,23 .57% ,10 .68% respectively .There noticed significant differences in different re‐gions ,education ,profession ,the condition of relatives engaged in medical ,medical insurance category(P<0 .05) .Profession and the condition of relatives engaged in medical were the main influencing factors on the level of health‐related knowledge and skills among the patients(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The prevalence of basic health‐related knowledge and skills is low in Chongqing city and we should make comprehensive interventions to improve health liter of patients .