青少年健康素养与肥胖相关风险因素探讨分析

摘要

目的 探讨青少年健康素养和体质量之间的联系.方法 选取2013年1月至2016年10月在该院体检中心接受健康体检的6812名青少年为研究对象,对性别、自评健康状况、健康行为等个人资料进行收集,根据体质量指数(BMI)对参与者进行分类(体质量不足、正常、体质量超标、肥胖),并让所有参与者进行青少年健康素养测试,通过调整相关协变量,对青少年健康素养和体质量间的关系进行多元Logistic回归分析.结果 6812名参与者,BMI平均值为(18.73±3.82)kg/m2,健康素养测试平均分为(25.01±6.08)分;同健康素养测试得分低于21分的青少年(17.3%肥胖)相比,得分在30分以上的青少年(12.4%肥胖)肥胖可能性低;在控制了变量健康状况自评、健康行为后,健康素养测试在30分以上的青少年体质量不足(RR=0.82,P<0.05)、体质量超标(RR=0.81,P<0. 05)或肥胖(RR=0.93,P<0. 05)的可能性较低;此外,无规律的体育活动、饮用含糖饮料的青少年更有可能体质量超标或肥胖.结论 健康素养和青少年体质量超标、肥胖之间存在密切的联系,为了避免因肥胖导致的青少年健康问题,建议加强青少年健康素养教育.%Objective To investigate the association between healthy literacy and body weight of adolescent. Methods A total of 6 812 adolescents accepting physical examination at the physical examination center of our hospital from Jan. 2013 to Oct. 2016 were selected as the study subjects. The information such as sex,self-rated health status and health behaviors of participants was collected,the participants were classified according to BMI(underweight, normal, overweight, obesity), furthermore all participants conducted the adolescent health literacy test,and the multivariable Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the association between adolescent health literacy and body weight by adjusting relevant concomitant variables. Results For 6 812 participants, the mean BMI was (18.73±3.82) kg/m2 , and the average score of health literacy test was (25.01 ± 6.08) points ; compared to the adolescents with health literacy test score <21 points(17. 3% obesity), those with health literacy test scores >30 points,the ones (12.4% obesity) were less likely to be obese;after controlling for the concomitant variables like self-rated health status, health behaviors, the adolescents with health literacy test scores over 30 had the lower possibility of body mass deficiency (RR=0.82 ,P<0.05) ,overweight (RR=0.81 ,P<0.05) or obesity (RR=0.93 ,P<0.05) ;in addition,the adolescents with irregular physical activities and drinking sugared beverages were more likely to be overweight or obesity. Conclusion Health literacy is closely linked with adolescent overweight or obesity,in order to avoid the health problems of the teenagers caused by obesity,it is suggested to strengthen the adolescent health literacy education.