目的：观察人脐带间充质干细胞（ human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ， hUCMSCs ）对β-样淀粉蛋白（ amyloid β，Aβ）损伤大鼠学习记忆能力的影响，并探讨神经营养因子（neurotrophin，NT）在hUCMSCs改善大鼠学习记忆能力中的作用。方法实验分5组，分别为：空白对照组（control，con）、Aβ溶剂对照组（v-con）、人脐带间充质干细胞对照组（hUCMSCs-con）、Aβ损伤组（injury），以及人脐带间充质干细胞治疗组（ hUCMSCs ）。双侧海马CA1区定位注射Aβ制备阿尔茨海默样学习记忆障碍大鼠模型；通过Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆能力；通过硫堇尼氏体染色观察海马CA1区细胞区形态；通过ELISA分析神经营养因子含量。结果侧脑室注射脐带间充质干细胞可改善Aβ损伤大鼠的空间学习记忆能力，对抗Aβ损伤大鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞损伤，增加Aβ损伤大鼠海马组织神经营养因子表达。结论脐带间充质干细胞可对抗Aβ的神经毒性作用，改善Aβ损伤大鼠的空间学习记忆能力，其神经保护作用与增加海马组织中神经营养因子表达有关。%Aim To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ( hUCM-SCs ) against Aβ-induced impairment in rats and the possible mechanism .Methods Male SD rats ( weight 210~230 g ) were divided randomly into five groups with ten in each:① control group ( con );② vehicle-control group ( sterile distilled water , v-con );③ hUC-MSCs-control group ( hUCMSCs-con );④ Aβinjury group ( injury );⑤ hUCMSCs treatment group ( hUCM-SCs) .Six-day Morris water maze behavioral task was employed to test the spatial learning and memory of the animals.Neuro-pathological evaluation under thionin stain was performed after behavioral task .The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and nerve growth factor ( NGF ) were tested through ELISA .Re-sults hUCMSCs enhanced the cognitive performance of Aβtreated rats, and reversed Aβ-induced cell loss in CA1 hippocampus.On the cellular level, hUCMSCs attenuated Aβinjection induced down-regulation of NGF and BDNF.Conclusion Administration of hUC-MSCs can reverse the behavioral and cellular impair-ment of Aβtreated rats, as well as the down-regulation of neurotrophins , thus exerting a neuronal protective effect, which provides a potential therapeutic strategy for disorders with learning and memory impairment , such as Alzheimer ’ s disease ( AD) .
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