脑性瘫痪儿童下颌运动障碍的临床研究

摘要

Objective To understand the situation of mandibular movement disorders in children with different types of cerebral palsy(CP).Methods Choose 43 cases of different types of cerebral palsy who had been in the Cerebral Palsy Prevention and Treatment Center of Heilongjiang Province from June 2014 to June 201 5 as the observation group,including 18 cases of mixed type and dyskinetic type,25 cases of spastic type.At the same time,40 normal children in a kindergarten in Jiamusi were selected as the control group. Mandibular Movement Function Evaluation Questionnaire was used to observe,evaluate and record the man-dibular movement ability of the children.Results The scores of the observation group and the control group had statistically significant difference(P <0.05,0.01 ).Compared with the control group,the mandibular movement test scores of the mixed and dyskinetic type group had statistically significant difference (P <0.05,0.01).Compared with the control group,except that mandibular protrusion movement and the left and right movement test scores had no statistically significant difference(P >0.05),other differences in the mandibular movement test scores were statistically significant(P < 0.01 )in the spastic group.Compared with spastic group,except that mandibular anterior extension evaluating score was not statistically signifi-cant(P >0.05),other differences in the mandibular movement test scores were statistically significant(P <0.01)in the mixed and dyskinetic group,and the scores of the spastic group were higher than the mixed and dyskinetic group.Conclusion Mandibular movement disorder is a kind of articulation organ movement disor-der in children with cerebral palsy,and there are significant differences in the form and severity in children with different types of mandibular movement disorders.%目的：了解不同类型脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)儿童下颌运动障碍情况。方法2014年6月至2015年6月在黑龙江省小儿脑性瘫痪防治疗育中心收治的不同类型脑瘫患儿43例为观察组，其中混合型及不随意运动型18例，痉挛型25例。同期选择佳木斯市某幼儿园就读正常儿童40例为对照组。采用《下颌运动功能测评调查表》观察、测评和记录儿童的下颌运动能力。结果观察组测评得分与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05，0.01)。混合型及不随意型组与对照组比较，各项下颌运动测评分数差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05，0.01)。痉挛型组与对照组比较，除下颌前伸运动、下颌左右连续运动测评分数差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)外，其他各项下颌运动测评分数差异均有统计学意义(P <0.01)。混合型及不随意型组与痉挛型组相比，除下颌前伸运动测评分数差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)外，其他各项下颌运动测评分数差异均有统计学意义(P <0.01)，且痉挛型组得分均高于混合型及不随意型组。结论下颌运动障碍是脑瘫儿童普遍存在的一种构音器官运动障碍，不同类型的患儿其下颌运动障碍的形式及严重程度也有明显差异。