自我控制能力训练对大学生抑郁症的改善作用

摘要

Objectives:To design a self-control training program based on the recent findings of self-control and self-regulation after taking full consideration of the unique characteristics of depression disorder,with an emphasis on behavioral activation and reinforcement.Methods:Totally 46 students who were diagnosed with major depression were randomly assigned to one of the two groups:Group 1 (n =23),and Group 2 (n =23).Participants in the Group 1 received 24-week self-control training program,as compared to Group 2 who received only baseline and post-24-week-intervention measurements,the measurements included Self-control Scale (SCS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Ⅱ).The self-control training included eight-week training modules and 16-week consolidation module.Results:In Group 1,the SCS scores were higher in post-intervention than in baseline measurement [(38.0 ± 6.3) vs.(34.7 ± 8.2),P ＜ 0.01],and the BDI-Ⅱ scores were lower in post-intervention than in baseline measurement [(19.0 ± 6.1) vs.(21.8 ± 4.8),P＜0.01] in Group 1.Whereas in Group 2,there were no significant differences between baseline and post-24-week-intervention measurements of SCS and BDI-Ⅱ scores (Ps ＞0.05).Conclusion:The study provides new evidence for the self-regulation model of depression.Self-control training could be an effective intervention strategy for the treatment of depression.%目的:基于抑郁症的自我调节模型和自控力研究,开发一套以行为激活与强化为核心的自控力训练项目,检验该项目是否适用于抑郁症患者.方法:招募46名抑郁症大学生为研究对象,随机分入甲组(n=23)和乙组(n=23).甲组接受为期24周的自控力训练,乙组只完成基线期和24周后评估,使用自我控制量表(SCS)和贝克抑郁量表第2版(BDI-Ⅱ)进行评估.自控力训练包括为期8周的训练模块和16周的巩固模块.结果:甲组24周后的SCS得分高于基线期得分[(38.0±6.3)vs.(34.7±8.2),P＜0.01],BDI-Ⅱ得分低于基线期得分[(19.0±6.1)vs.(21.8±4.8),P＜0.01];乙组的SCS和BDI-Ⅱ得分在基线期和24周后差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论:自控力训练能提高大学生的自控力、改善抑郁症状,支持抑郁症的自我调节模型,提示自控力训练可以作为抑郁症心理行为干预的一种有效策略.