Objective To detect the protein expresssion of COX-2 and PTEN in epithelial ovarian cancer and explore their clinical significance. n Methods A total of 88 ovarian cancer patients were enrolled in our hospital. 30 cases of benign ovarian tumor and 30 cases of normal ovarian tissue were used as control. The protein expresssion of COX-2 and PTEN was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. n Results The positive rate of COX-2 in normal ovarian tissue, benign ovarian tumor, and ovarian carcinomas was 3.3%, 16.7%, and 65.9%, respectively. The positive rate of PTEN in normal ovarian tissue, benign ovarian tumor, and ovarian carcinomas was 100%, 83.3%, and 56.8%, respectively. There was significant difference among the three groups (P<0.05). The positive rate of COX-2 was significantly lower in the well-differentiated ovarian cancer than that in poorly-and moderately-differentiated ovarian cancer (41.2%vs 81.5%, P<0.05). The positive rate of COX-2 in cancer without lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that in those with lymph node metastasis (57.5%vs 72.9%, P<0.05). The positive rate of COX-2 in clinical I and II stage was lower than stage III and IV (28.6%vs 80.6%, P<0.05). At the same time, the positive rate of PTEN was higher in the well-differentiated ovarian cancer than that in poorly-and moderately-differentiated ovarian cancer (79.4%vs 42.6%, P<0.05). The positive rate of PTEN in cancer without lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in those with lymph node metastasis (85.0%vs 33.3%, P<0.05). The positive rate of PTEN was higher in clinical I and II stage than stage III and IV (75.0%vs 46.8%, P<0.05). The protein expression of COX-2 was significantly negative related with PTEN in epithelial ovarian cancer (r=–0.584, P<0.05). n Conclusion The upregulation of COX-2 and downregulation of PTEN was involved in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer, which can be used as the markers for diagnosis by estimating the grade of differentiation and prognosis of ovarian tumor.%目的检测卵巢癌患者中环氧化酶2（COX-2）和 PTEN 蛋白的表达情况，探讨其相关的临床意义。n 方法收集我院妇产科2008年1月至2013年1月收治的卵巢上皮癌患者88例，取卵巢良性肿瘤和正常卵巢组织各30例作为对照。免疫组化染色检测 COX-2和 PTEN蛋白表达的变化。n 结果正常卵巢、卵巢良性肿瘤以及卵巢癌组织中 COX-2蛋白的阳性率分别为3.3%、16.7%和65.9%，PTEN 蛋白的阳性率分别为100%、83.3%和56.8%，各组之间具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。不同卵巢癌组织高分化 COX-2蛋白阳性率显著低于中、低分化（41.2%vs 81.5%，P<0.05）。无淋巴结转移 COX-2蛋白阳性率显著低于有淋巴结转移患者（57.5%vs 72.9%，P<0.05）。临床 I、II 期 COX-2蛋白阳性率显著低于临床 III、IV 期（28.6% vs 80.6%，P <0.05）。而高分化患者中 PTEN 蛋白阳性率显著高于中、低分化（79.4%vs 42.6%，P<0.05）。无淋巴结转移 PTEN 蛋白阳性率显著高于有淋巴结转移（85.0% vs 33.3%，P <0.05），临床 I、II 期 PTEN 蛋白阳性率显著高于临床 III、IV 期（75.0%vs 46.8%，P<0.05）。COX-2和 PTEN 的表达呈显著负相关（r=–0.584，P<0.05）。n 结论 COX-2和 PTEN 蛋白的异常表达参与了卵巢癌的发生、发展过程，有可能成为卵巢癌诊断、分级以及预后评估的分子标记物。
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