目的：了解综合医院医务人员血源性职业暴露的现状和特点，分析其伦理学因素，为制定预防血源性职业暴露的对策提供科学依据。方法对2013年1月～12月全院所有医务人员发生的血源性职业暴露案例进行回顾性调查分析总结。结果共发生101名医务人员血源性职业暴露，其中以护士为主，占60．40％；多集中在30岁以下职工，占70．29％；职业暴露人员科室分布以外科居多（42．57％），其次为内科（36．63％）；病房（60．40％）、手术室（15．84％）和治疗室（11．88％）是职业暴露常发生的场所；锐器伤发生的构成比为87．12％，居首位，其中以锐器处置（23．76％）、拔针（18．81％）、采血环节（15．84％）、手术缝合（14．85％）和输液注射（13．86％）为锐器伤职业暴露的多发环节；暴露源以乙型肝炎为主（61．38％）。结论医务人员血源性职业暴露风险大，医院感染控制人员必须重视全员职业暴露教育，加强职业暴露的伦理化管理，降低职业暴露风险和伤害。%Objective:To understand general hospital medical staff status quo and characteristics of blood -borne occupational exposure , analysis its ethics factor , to make the prevention countermeasures of blood -borne oc-cupational exposure to provide scientific basis .Methods:From January 2013 to December floor all the medical staff of blood -borne occupational exposure cases were retrospectively analyzed .Results:A total of 101 medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure , which is given priority to with the nurse , accounted for 60 .40%;More con-centrated in under 30 employees, accounted for 70.29%;Occupational exposure personnel distribution in the ma-jority with surgical department (42.57%), followed by the physician (36.63%);Wards (60.40%), the operat-ing room (15.84%) and therapy (11.88%) are the sites of occupational exposure often happen;Sharp injury in the composition of the ratio of 87.12%, in the first place, in which a proportion (23.76%), pull out the needle (18.81%) and blood (15.84%), surgical suture (14.85%) and transfusion injection (13.86%) as the sharp injury of frequent occurrence of occupational exposure;Exposure is given priority to with hepatitis b ( 61 .38%) . Conclusion:Medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure risk is high , the hospital infection control personnel must pay attention to occupational exposure of the whole education , strengthen the administration of the occupation-al exposure of ethics , reduce the risk of occupational exposure and injury .
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