论活体器官捐献者的自爱意识和利他精神之张力

摘要

捐献人的完全自主、自愿是活体器官移植伦理可接受性的核心.在活体器官捐献者内心深处存在自爱意识与利他精神两种相互冲突的心理与行为倾向.正是自爱意识和利他精神之张力的存在,就使得活体器官捐献者的自主决定尤为复杂和艰难.分析了活体器官捐献者自爱意识和利他精神之张力,论述了捐献者面临的情感与道德冲突,并在此基础上提出了若干建议,以期为捐献者的理性选择和自由决策提供良好的内部环境和外界支持,从而保证活体器官移植的合伦理性.%The donors' complete autonomy and voluntariness for donation is the core of ethical acceptability of living organ transplantation.Deep in the donors' heart,the awareness of self-respect and the altruism are two contradictory tendencies both in psychology and behavior.As the existence of the tension of self-respect awareness and altruism,it becomes particularly difficult and complex for the living organ donors to make autonomous decisions.This paper analyzed the tension of self-respect awareness and altruism,discussed the emotional and ethical contradictory,and proposed some suggestions based on this,hoping to provide a good internal environment and external support for the potential donors to make reasonable free decisions and guarantee the ethics of living organ transplantation.