目的 评价高分辨率熔解曲线分析技术(high-resolution melting curve,HRM)检测结核分枝杆菌异烟胼耐药性的应用价值.方法 1)通过传统比例法药敏实验对本实验室保存的49株结核分枝杆菌进行异烟肼耐药性分析.2)进一步对该结核分枝杆菌进行异烟肼耐药相关基因KatG基因和inhA基因进行异烟肼耐药决定区测序分析,筛查突变位点.3)根据筛查到的突变位点设计高分辨率熔解曲线分析所用的特异性引物,对异烟肼耐药基因耐药决定区进行高分辨率熔解曲线分析检测DNA突变,评估用高分辨率熔解曲线分析技术对结核分枝杆菌异烟肼耐药性检测的效率.结果 1)比例法药敏结果显示,49株实验菌株中20株为异烟肼耐药株,29株为异烟肼敏感株.2)测序分析结果显示:①KatG基因出现了4种突变形式,分别是234单位点突变;234、315双位点突变;234、463双位点突变;234、315、463三位点联合突变.②inhA基因检测到3种突变,即-8位、-15位、-152位.3)①对耐药株的基因突变进行分析发现:20株异烟肼耐药株中11株存在KatG基因第315位密码子的突变、占异烟肼耐药株的55％;6株存在inhA基因-15(4株)位碱基、-8(1株)位碱基、-152(1株)位碱基的突变,共占异烟肼耐药株的30％;2株同时存在基因KatG315密码子和inhA-15位碱基的突变,占异烟肼耐药株的10％;1株均未检测到KatG基因和inhA基因的突变,占异烟肼耐药株的5％.通过基因突变检测结核分枝杆菌异烟肼耐药性的敏感性为95％、特异性为100％.②用高分辨率溶解曲线检测实验菌株耐药基因突变的结果显示,18株存在基因突变,24株不存在基因突变,检测的灵敏度为94.7％、特异性为80％.③以高分辨率熔解曲线检测到突变为耐药的判断标准,检出19株为耐药株,24株为敏感株.以比例法药敏结果为参照,检测的灵敏度为95％、特异性为82.76％.结论 高分辨率溶解曲线用于结核分枝杆菌对异烟肼耐药性的检测具有较好的灵敏度,耗时短,在异烟肼耐药结核病的快速诊断方面具有一定的应用价值.%We detected the isoniazid resistance in clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by high-resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis and assessed the application value of the assay.The isoniazid resistance of 49 M.tuberculosis isolates preserved in laboratory was analyzed by the drug sensitivity test (traditional proportion method).Further analysis was made on the sequencing of the isoniazid resistance determining region in these test strains,and their mutation sites were screened.Specific primers used in the HRM curve analysis were designed based on the screened mutation sites,DNA mutations were assayed in the isoniazid-resistant gene determining region by the HRM curve analysis,and an assessment was made of the detection efficiency of the assay in isoniazid resistance in M.tuberculosis.Results of the drug sensitivity test (proportion method) showed that,of the 49 test strains,there were 20 isoniazid-resistant strains,29 isoniazid-sensitive strains.Results of the sequencing analysis showed that:1) KatG gene had four mutation patterns,i.e.,point mutations at site 234,at sites 234 and 315,at sites 234 and 463,and at sites 234,315 and 463;2) there were three mutations were detected in inhA gene,i.e.,mutations in inhA-8,-15 and-152.Analysis of gene mutation in drug-resistant strains found that of the 20 isoniazid-resistant strains,11 (55 ％) were mutated at codon 315 of KatG gene;6 (30％) were mutated in inhA-15 (4/20),-8 (1/20) and-153 (1/20) of inhA gene;two (10％) were mutated at codon 315 of KatG gene and in inhA-15;in one strain (5％),no mutation was detected in KatG and inhA genes.Through the gene mutation detection,the sensitivity and specificity of isoniazid resistance in M.tuberculosis were 95 ％ and 100 ％,respectively.Results of HRM curve analysis of drug-resistance gene mutations in test strains showed gene mutations were present in 18 strains and absent in 24 ones;referring to DNA sequencing results,the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 94.7％ and 80％,respectively.Judged by mutations as drug-resistance via the HRM curve analysis,19 resistant and 24 sensitive strains were tested.With the drug sensitivity test results by the proportion method as controls,the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 95 ％ and 82.76 ％,respectively.Use of the HRM curve in the detection of resistance of M.tuberculosis to isoniazid is characterized by good sensitivity and short time consuming,and has certain value in the rapid diagnosis of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis.
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